L5-S1 extraforaminal intraneural disc herniation mimicking a malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor

Spine J. 2012 Dec;12(12):e7-e12. doi: 10.1016/j.spinee.2012.10.033. Epub 2012 Dec 12.

Abstract

Background context: An extraforaminal disc herniation may present as a retroperitoneal mass and is thus a differential diagnosis for a malignant lesion.

Purpose: To highlight the difficulty in the accurate preoperative differentiation between an extraforaminal disc herniation and a malignant retroperitoneal mass despite the use of advanced anatomical and metabolic imaging.

Study design: Case report.

Methods: The authors present a case of a 55-year-old man, with a family history of neurofibromatosis, who presented to us 2 months after the insidious occurrence of severe, unrelenting, right-sided, L5 dermatomal pain. He subsequently developed rapidly progressive motor weakness in the same myotome, which caused a foot drop. On examination, his straight-leg raise test was normal. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a peripherally enhancing, complex, cystic mass continuous with the L5 nerve, displacing its fascicles medially, as it descended over the right sacral ala. A positron emission tomography scan demonstrated increased radiotracer uptake. The clinicoradiologic presentation was that of a malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor.

Results: At surgery, an intraneural disc herniation was seen.

Conclusions: Several pitfalls exist in establishing the uncommon diagnosis of an extraforaminal disc herniation. This entity occurs ventrally and must remain a consideration when elaborating the differential diagnosis of a retroperitoneal mass in close proximity to the vertebral column.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Diagnosis, Differential
  • Humans
  • Intervertebral Disc Displacement / pathology*
  • Intervertebral Disc Displacement / surgery
  • Lumbar Vertebrae / pathology
  • Lumbar Vertebrae / surgery
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Nerve Sheath Neoplasms / pathology*
  • Nerve Sheath Neoplasms / surgery
  • Spinal Cord Neoplasms / pathology*
  • Spinal Cord Neoplasms / surgery