Irinotecan combined with 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin third-line chemotherapy after failure of fluoropyrimidine, platinum, and taxane in gastric cancer: treatment outcomes and a prognostic model to predict survival

Gastric Cancer. 2013 Oct;16(4):581-9. doi: 10.1007/s10120-012-0227-5. Epub 2012 Dec 25.

Abstract

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the activity and safety of the combination chemotherapy of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), leucovorin, and irinotecan (FOLFIRI regimen) after failure of fluoropyrimidine, platinum, and taxane in gastric cancer (GC) and to evaluate the prognostic factors for survival.

Methods: Patients received biweekly FOLFIRI chemotherapy as third-line treatment. The FOLFIRI-1 consisted of irinotecan (180 mg/m(2) in a 2-h infusion) on day 1, and then leucovorin (200 mg/m(2) in a 2-h infusion) and 5-FU (a 400 mg/m(2) bolus, followed by 600 mg/m(2) in a 22-h continuous infusion) on days 1 and 2. FOLFIRI-2 consisted of irinotecan (180 mg/m(2) in a 2-h infusion) on day 1, and then leucovorin (400 mg/m(2) in a 2-h infusion) and 5-FU (a 400 mg/m(2) bolus, followed by 2400 mg/m(2) in a 46-h continuous infusion) on day 1.

Results: A total of 158 patients were included. The overall response rate was 9.6 % in patients with measurable lesions. The median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were 2.1 months [95 % confidence interval (CI), 1.7-2.5] and 5.6 months (95 % CI, 4.7-6.5), respectively. The major grade 3/4 toxicity was myelosuppression (36.7 %). Good performance status (PS), fewer metastatic sites, and longer duration from the first-line to third-line chemotherapy were independent prognostic factors affecting both PFS and OS.

Conclusions: The FOLFIRI regimen showed antitumor activity and tolerable toxicity profiles against advanced GC in the third-line setting. Patients with good PS, fewer metastatic sites and longer previous treatment duration might have the maximal benefit from third-line chemotherapy.

MeSH terms

  • Adenocarcinoma / drug therapy*
  • Adenocarcinoma / mortality
  • Adenocarcinoma / pathology
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use*
  • Bridged-Ring Compounds / administration & dosage
  • Camptothecin / administration & dosage
  • Camptothecin / analogs & derivatives
  • Carcinoma, Signet Ring Cell / drug therapy*
  • Carcinoma, Signet Ring Cell / mortality
  • Carcinoma, Signet Ring Cell / pathology
  • Female
  • Fluorouracil / administration & dosage
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Irinotecan
  • Leucovorin / administration & dosage
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasm Metastasis
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / drug therapy*
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / mortality
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / pathology
  • Neoplasm Staging
  • Platinum / administration & dosage
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Salvage Therapy*
  • Stomach Neoplasms / drug therapy*
  • Stomach Neoplasms / mortality
  • Stomach Neoplasms / pathology
  • Survival Rate
  • Taxoids / administration & dosage
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Bridged-Ring Compounds
  • Taxoids
  • taxane
  • Platinum
  • Irinotecan
  • Leucovorin
  • Fluorouracil
  • Camptothecin