Caspase-8 binding to cardiolipin in giant unilamellar vesicles provides a functional docking platform for bid

PLoS One. 2013;8(2):e55250. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0055250. Epub 2013 Feb 13.

Abstract

Caspase-8 is involved in death receptor-mediated apoptosis in type II cells, the proapoptotic programme of which is triggered by truncated Bid. Indeed, caspase-8 and Bid are the known intermediates of this signalling pathway. Cardiolipin has been shown to provide an anchor and an essential activating platform for caspase-8 at the mitochondrial membrane surface. Destabilisation of this platform alters receptor-mediated apoptosis in diseases such as Barth Syndrome, which is characterised by the presence of immature cardiolipin which does not allow caspase-8 binding. We used a simplified in vitro system that mimics contact sites and/or cardiolipin-enriched microdomains at the outer mitochondrial surface in which the platform consisting of caspase-8, Bid and cardiolipin was reconstituted in giant unilamellar vesicles. We analysed these vesicles by flow cytometry and confirm previous results that demonstrate the requirement for intact mature cardiolipin for caspase-8 activation and Bid binding and cleavage. We also used confocal microscopy to visualise the rupture of the vesicles and their revesiculation at smaller sizes due to alteration of the curvature following caspase-8 and Bid binding. Biophysical approaches, including Laurdan fluorescence and rupture/tension measurements, were used to determine the ability of these three components (cardiolipin, caspase-8 and Bid) to fulfil the minimal requirements for the formation and function of the platform at the mitochondrial membrane. Our results shed light on the active functional role of cardiolipin, bridging the gap between death receptors and mitochondria.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Apoptosis / physiology
  • BH3 Interacting Domain Death Agonist Protein / metabolism*
  • Binding Sites
  • Cardiolipins / metabolism*
  • Caspase 8 / metabolism*
  • Humans
  • Mitochondria / metabolism*
  • Mitochondrial Membranes / metabolism
  • Protein Binding
  • Unilamellar Liposomes / metabolism*

Substances

  • BH3 Interacting Domain Death Agonist Protein
  • Cardiolipins
  • Unilamellar Liposomes
  • Caspase 8

Grants and funding

This work was supported by the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and by the Association de Recherche sur le Cancer (ARC n°4493 to PXP) and Association Française contre les Myopathies (grant n°13313/2008 and grant n°14219/2010 to PXP). BK is grateful for the generous support of the Danish National Research Foundation via the grant to MEMPHYS. MP was benefitting from an Oticon scholarship. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.