Effects of acute detoxification of the herbal blend 'Spice Gold' on dopamine D2/3 receptor availability: a [18F]fallypride PET study

Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2013 Nov;23(11):1606-10. doi: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2013.01.009. Epub 2013 Feb 27.

Abstract

We carried out dynamic [(18)F]fallypride PET scans to measure cerebral dopamine D2/3 receptor availability in a 23-year old patient experiencing a severe withdrawal syndrome upon voluntary abstinence from "Spice", a pre-packaged herbal smoking thought to contain synthetic cannabinoids. Upon admission to the clinic, the patient experienced craving, affective symptoms and a range of somatic complaints, which resolved after several days' monitored abstinence. PET scans were performed on the day of admission, and one week later. Estimates of [(18)F]fallypride binding potential (BPND) were obtained in striatal and extrastriatal brain regions, and compared to results of age-matched healthy control subjects. Upon admission, [(18)F]fallypride BPND was reduced by 20% in the patient's striatum and also in extra-striatal regions. During short-term follow-up upon detoxification, the BPND increased to normal values. This study shows substantial short-term alterations of dopamine D2/3 receptor availability in a patient before and after acute detoxification from "Spice Gold", thus providing first evidence of reversible effects on dopamine receptors of heavy use of a herbal smoking blend.

Keywords: Addiction; Cannabinoid; Dopamine D(2/3) receptor; PET; Spice.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Benzamides
  • Brain / diagnostic imaging
  • Brain / metabolism*
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Fluorine Radioisotopes
  • Functional Neuroimaging
  • Humans
  • Inactivation, Metabolic
  • Male
  • Plant Preparations / administration & dosage*
  • Plant Preparations / adverse effects*
  • Radionuclide Imaging
  • Receptors, Dopamine D2 / metabolism*
  • Receptors, Dopamine D3 / metabolism*
  • Substance Withdrawal Syndrome / diagnostic imaging
  • Substance Withdrawal Syndrome / metabolism*
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Benzamides
  • DRD2 protein, human
  • Fluorine Radioisotopes
  • Plant Preparations
  • Receptors, Dopamine D2
  • Receptors, Dopamine D3
  • fallypride