Major bleeding of the upper aerodigestive tract due to oral anticoagulant/antibiotic interactions

Eur Ann Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Dis. 2013 Jun;130(3):153-6. doi: 10.1016/j.anorl.2012.11.001. Epub 2013 Mar 7.

Abstract

Introduction: Although a well-known complication in certain medical specialties, major bleeding due to the interaction between oral anticoagulants and antibiotics has been rarely reported concerning the upper aerodigestive tract. We report three cases of life-threatening bleeding of the upper aerodigestive tract in a context of antibiotic therapy in patients treated with oral anticoagulants.

Case series: Three male patients under coumadin anticoagulation therapy presented major bleeding in three different contexts (epistaxis, peritonsillar abscess and postoperative course after total laryngectomy). Surgical intervention for hemostasis was required in all cases, with coagulation correction in two. Complications were severe anemia (2/3) and chronic heart failure (1/3).

Discussion/conclusions: Interactions between two drugs commonly used in otolaryngology can result in major bleeding. The goal of this article is to raise practitioners' awareness of a potentially fatal, although rare, complication. We also review the main preventive strategies.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Oral
  • Aged
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / administration & dosage
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / adverse effects*
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use
  • Anticoagulants / administration & dosage
  • Anticoagulants / adverse effects*
  • Anticoagulants / therapeutic use
  • Drug Interactions
  • Drug Therapy, Combination
  • Epistaxis / chemically induced
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Hemorrhage / chemically induced*
  • Hemorrhage / drug therapy
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Nasopharyngeal Diseases / chemically induced*
  • Nasopharyngeal Diseases / drug therapy
  • Postoperative Hemorrhage / chemically induced
  • Risk Factors
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Warfarin / administration & dosage
  • Warfarin / adverse effects*
  • Warfarin / therapeutic use

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Anticoagulants
  • Warfarin