The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) introduced the Physician Quality Reporting System (PQRS) in 2007. PQRS was developed as a value-based, pay-for-reporting initiative intended to increase quality and decrease costs. Jefferson University Physicians (JUP) was an early participant in this voluntary program. In this article, the policy context for CMS's launch of PQRS and JUP's implementation strategy, lessons learned, and an account of benefits and barriers to participation are reviewed. In 2010, JUP achieved 94% provider participation and an average incentive of $772 per participating provider. Net incentives earned across JUP in 2010 topped $171 000, although these earnings were significantly offset by implementation and maintenance costs. PQRS represents CMS's first step toward aligning quality and cost in the ambulatory care setting. Faculty practice plans must be prepared to meet this challenge in order to avoid future penalties and to advance quality of care.
Keywords: PQRS; pay for performance; performance improvement; value-based purchasing.