The role of protein kinase CK2 in cyclosporine-induced nephropathy in rats

Transplant Proc. 2013 Mar;45(2):756-62. doi: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2012.02.050.

Abstract

Objectives: Protein kinase casein kinase II (PKCK2) has multiple, overlapping roles in induction of apoptosis. Apoptosis can be a common pathway of renal injury caused by a nephrotoxic drug or an injury. We evaluated the role of PKCK2 in cyclosporine (CsA)-induced nephropathy in rats by inhibiting PKCK2 with emodin.

Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats fed a low-sodium diet were divided into four treatment groups: control (0.9% saline injection), CsA (15 mg/kg/d subcutaneously), CsA + emodin (CsA plus emodin 20 mg/kg/d subcutaneously), and emodin only. The expression levels of apoptosis-associated factors and of PKCK2 were examined by Western blot analysis.

Results: Overexpression of PKCK2 noted with CsA treatment was prevented by emodin, a low-molecular-weight PKCK2 inhibitor, which dampend drug-induced up-regulation phosphorylated p53 and activation of caspases 3, 7, and 8. In addition, emodin prevented increased Bax/Bcl-2 ratio induced by CsA. Emodin prevented up-regulation of PKCK2 by CsA treatment, suggesting that its apoptotic-preventing activity was mediated via PKCK2.

Conclusions: Our findings indicated that PKCK2 may play a role in apoptotic injury associated with CsA-induced nephropathy in rats.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Apoptosis
  • Blotting, Western
  • Casein Kinase II / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Casein Kinase II / metabolism*
  • Caspase 3 / metabolism
  • Caspase 7 / metabolism
  • Caspase 8 / metabolism
  • Cyclosporine*
  • Diet, Sodium-Restricted
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Emodin / pharmacology
  • Immunohistochemistry
  • Kidney / drug effects
  • Kidney / enzymology*
  • Kidney / pathology
  • Kidney Diseases / chemically induced
  • Kidney Diseases / enzymology*
  • Kidney Diseases / pathology
  • Kidney Diseases / prevention & control
  • Male
  • Phosphorylation
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors / pharmacology
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / metabolism
  • Rats
  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / metabolism
  • bcl-2-Associated X Protein / metabolism

Substances

  • Bax protein, rat
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53
  • bcl-2-Associated X Protein
  • Cyclosporine
  • Casein Kinase II
  • Casp3 protein, rat
  • Casp8 protein, rat
  • Caspase 3
  • Caspase 7
  • Caspase 8
  • Emodin