Geraniin down regulates gamma radiation-induced apoptosis by suppressing DNA damage

Food Chem Toxicol. 2013 Jul:57:147-53. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.03.022. Epub 2013 Mar 26.

Abstract

Gamma ray irradiation triggers DNA damage and apoptosis of proliferating stem cells and peripheral immune cells, resulting in the destruction of intestinal crypts and lymphoid system. Geraniin is a natural compound extracts from an aquatic plant Nymphaea tetragona and possesses good antioxidant property. In this study, we demonstrate that geraniin rescues radiosensitive splenocytes and jejunal crypt cells from radiation-induced DNA damage and apoptosis. Isolated splenocytes from C57BL/6 mice treated with geraniin were protected against radiation injury of 2 Gy irradiation through the enhancement of the proliferation and attenuation of DNA damage. Also, geraniin inhibited apoptosis in radiosensitive splenocytes by reducing the expression level and immunoreactivity of proapoptotic p53 and Bax and increasing those of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2. In mice exposed to radiation, geraniin treatment protected splenocytes and intestinal crypt cells from radiation-induced cell death. Our results suggest that geraniin presents radioprotective effects by regulating DNA damage on splenocytes, exerting immunostimulatory capacities and inhibiting apoptosis of radiosensitive immune cells and jejunal crypt cells. Therefore, geraniin can be a radioprotective agent against γ-irradiation exposure.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Apoptosis / drug effects*
  • Apoptosis / radiation effects
  • Cell Proliferation / drug effects
  • Cell Proliferation / radiation effects
  • Cells, Cultured
  • DNA Damage / drug effects*
  • DNA Damage / radiation effects
  • Gamma Rays
  • Genes, p53
  • Glucosides / administration & dosage
  • Glucosides / pharmacology*
  • Glucosides / toxicity
  • Hydrolyzable Tannins / administration & dosage
  • Hydrolyzable Tannins / pharmacology*
  • Hydrolyzable Tannins / toxicity
  • Injections, Intraperitoneal
  • Intestine, Small / drug effects
  • Intestine, Small / pathology
  • Intestine, Small / radiation effects
  • Jejunum / cytology
  • Jejunum / drug effects
  • Jejunum / radiation effects
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Nymphaea / chemistry
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / metabolism
  • Radiation, Ionizing
  • Radiation-Protective Agents / pharmacology*
  • Spleen / cytology
  • Spleen / drug effects
  • Spleen / pathology
  • Toxicity Tests, Acute
  • Whole-Body Irradiation
  • bcl-2-Associated X Protein / metabolism

Substances

  • Bax protein, mouse
  • Glucosides
  • Hydrolyzable Tannins
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2
  • Radiation-Protective Agents
  • bcl-2-Associated X Protein
  • Geraniin