The McKittrick-Wheelock syndrome: a rare cause of chronic diarrhoea

BMJ Case Rep. 2013 Apr 15:2013:bcr2013009208. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2013-009208.

Abstract

The McKittrick-Wheelock syndrome, a rare disorder, is caused by fluid and electrolyte hypersecretion from a rectal tumour and patients can develop a depletion syndrome characterised by severe dehydration, hyponatraemia, hypokalaemia and metabolic acidosis. We present a case of a 62-year-old man who presented with chronic diarrhoea that had resulted in numerous previous hospital admissions. On physical exam, the patient showed signs of volume depletion. A soft polypoid mass was appreciated on digital rectal examination. Laboratory tests showed renal failure and significant electrolyte abnormalities. Colonoscopy revealed a large, friable mass in the rectosigmoid region. Biopsies were consistent with tubolovillous adenoma. Subsequently, the patient underwent surgical resection, which on pathology exhibited evidence of high-grade dysplasia, and the patient was diagnosed with McKittrick-Wheelock syndrome. It is essential to identify this condition in a timely manner as it is associated with high morbidity and complications, some of which may be life threatening.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Adenoma, Villous / diagnosis*
  • Adenoma, Villous / metabolism
  • Adenoma, Villous / surgery
  • Chronic Disease
  • Dehydration / diagnosis
  • Diarrhea / etiology*
  • Humans
  • Hypokalemia / diagnosis
  • Hyponatremia / diagnosis
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Rectal Neoplasms / diagnosis*
  • Rectal Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Rectal Neoplasms / surgery
  • Syndrome
  • Water-Electrolyte Imbalance / diagnosis