A small molecule screen in stem-cell-derived motor neurons identifies a kinase inhibitor as a candidate therapeutic for ALS

Cell Stem Cell. 2013 Jun 6;12(6):713-26. doi: 10.1016/j.stem.2013.04.003. Epub 2013 Apr 18.

Abstract

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a rapidly progressing neurodegenerative disease, characterized by motor neuron (MN) death, for which there are no truly effective treatments. Here, we describe a new small molecule survival screen carried out using MNs from both wild-type and mutant SOD1 mouse embryonic stem cells. Among the hits we found, kenpaullone had a particularly impressive ability to prolong the healthy survival of both types of MNs that can be attributed to its dual inhibition of GSK-3 and HGK kinases. Furthermore, kenpaullone also strongly improved the survival of human MNs derived from ALS-patient-induced pluripotent stem cells and was more active than either of two compounds, olesoxime and dexpramipexole, that recently failed in ALS clinical trials. Our studies demonstrate the value of a stem cell approach to drug discovery and point to a new paradigm for identification and preclinical testing of future ALS therapeutics.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis / drug therapy*
  • Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis / enzymology
  • Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis / pathology
  • Animals
  • Benzazepines / chemistry
  • Benzazepines / pharmacology
  • Cell Differentiation / drug effects
  • Cell Survival / drug effects
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Cholestenones / chemistry
  • Cholestenones / pharmacology
  • Embryonic Stem Cells / cytology*
  • Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Indoles / chemistry
  • Indoles / pharmacology
  • Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells / cytology*
  • Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / metabolism
  • Mice
  • Mice, Transgenic
  • Motor Neurons / cytology*
  • Motor Neurons / drug effects*
  • Motor Neurons / enzymology
  • Mutation
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors / analysis*
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors / chemistry
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors / pharmacology*
  • Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / metabolism
  • Structure-Activity Relationship
  • Superoxide Dismutase / genetics
  • Superoxide Dismutase / metabolism
  • Superoxide Dismutase-1

Substances

  • Benzazepines
  • Cholestenones
  • Indoles
  • Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors
  • SOD1 protein, human
  • kenpaullone
  • olesoxime
  • Sod1 protein, mouse
  • Superoxide Dismutase
  • Superoxide Dismutase-1
  • MAP4K4 protein, human
  • Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases
  • Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3