Complications of distal tibiofibular syndesmotic screw stabilization: analysis of 236 patients

J Foot Ankle Surg. 2013 Jul-Aug;52(4):456-9. doi: 10.1053/j.jfas.2013.03.025. Epub 2013 Apr 28.

Abstract

The objective of the present study was to evaluate our complications of screw stabilization and to formulate recommendations for clinical practice. Using a prospectively collected fracture database, the data from 236 consecutive adult patients were analyzed who had undergone syndesmotic screw stabilization from January 1979 to December 2000 at our level I academic trauma center. We observed 16 complications in 15 patients. The average patient age was 37.5 years. Of the 15 patients, 1 had a Weber B fracture and 14 had a Weber C ankle fracture. These complications included tibiofibular synostosis in 11 patients, screw breakage in 4 patients, and late diastasis in 1 patient. All breakages occurred in Weber C fractures. In particular, the 3.5-mm screws, penetrating both tibial cortices, tended to break. Synostosis was observed in 3% of the Weber B fractures and 5% of the Weber C fractures. Weightbearing in a plaster cast during syndesmotic screw stabilization is a safe postoperative treatment. We suggest that the use of 3.5-mm screws and screws penetrating 2 tibial cortices have a greater risk of breakage. Because of the low complication rate and more difficult treatment of late syndesmotic diastasis, a syndesmotic screw should be placed when in doubt of the indication.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Ankle Fractures*
  • Ankle Injuries / complications
  • Ankle Injuries / surgery*
  • Ankle Joint / surgery*
  • Bone Screws*
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Fracture Fixation, Internal / adverse effects*
  • Fracture Fixation, Internal / methods
  • Humans
  • Joint Instability / etiology*
  • Male
  • Postoperative Complications*
  • Prospective Studies
  • Treatment Outcome