Glassy dynamics, cell mechanics, and endothelial permeability

J Phys Chem B. 2013 Oct 24;117(42):12850-6. doi: 10.1021/jp4020965. Epub 2013 May 30.

Abstract

A key feature of all inflammatory processes is disruption of the vascular endothelial barrier. Such disruption is initiated in part through active contraction of the cytoskeleton of the endothelial cell (EC). Because contractile forces are propagated from cell to cell across a great many cell-cell junctions, this contractile process is strongly cooperative and highly nonlocal. We show here that the characteristic length scale of propagation is modulated by agonists and antagonists that impact permeability of the endothelial barrier. In the presence of agonists including thrombin, histamine, and H2O2, force correlation length increases, whereas in the presence of antagonists including sphingosine-1-phosphate, hepatocyte growth factor, and the rho kinase inhibitor, Y27632, force correlation length decreases. Intercellular force chains and force clusters are also evident, both of which are reminiscent of soft glassy materials approaching a glass transition.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Amides / pharmacology
  • Cell Line
  • Cell Membrane Permeability / drug effects
  • Cytoskeleton / drug effects
  • Endothelial Cells / cytology
  • Endothelial Cells / drug effects
  • Endothelial Cells / metabolism*
  • Fluorescent Dyes / chemistry
  • Hepatocyte Growth Factor / pharmacology
  • Histamine / pharmacology
  • Humans
  • Hydrogen Peroxide / pharmacology
  • Lysophospholipids / pharmacology
  • Microscopy, Confocal
  • Phase Transition
  • Pyridines / pharmacology
  • Sphingosine / analogs & derivatives
  • Sphingosine / pharmacology
  • Thrombin / pharmacology

Substances

  • Amides
  • Fluorescent Dyes
  • Lysophospholipids
  • Pyridines
  • Y 27632
  • sphingosine 1-phosphate
  • Hepatocyte Growth Factor
  • Histamine
  • Hydrogen Peroxide
  • Thrombin
  • Sphingosine