1,4-Benzothiazine ATP-sensitive potassium channel openers: modifications at the C-2 and C-6 positions

J Med Chem. 2013 Jun 13;56(11):4718-28. doi: 10.1021/jm400435a. Epub 2013 May 28.

Abstract

ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels play a prominent role in controlling cardiovascular function. In this paper, a novel series of 4-(1-oxo-2-cyclopentenyl)-1,4-benzothiazine derivatives modified at the C-2, and C-6 positions were synthesized as openers of vascular KATP channels. Most of the tested compounds evoked vasorelaxing effects on rat aortic rings and membrane hyperpolarization in human vascular smooth muscle cells, with potency similar or superior to that of the reference levcromakalim (LCRK). The selective KATP blocker glibenclamide antagonized the above vascular effects, confirming that KATP channels are closely involved in the mechanism of action. The experimental results confirmed the 1,4-benzothiazine nucleus as an optimal scaffold for activators of vascular KATP channels; moreover, the high level of potency exhibited by the 6-acetyl substituted benzothiazine 8, along with the lack of any significant interference with insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells, paves the way to further develop a new series of potent activators of vascular KATP channels.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Aorta, Thoracic / drug effects
  • Aorta, Thoracic / physiology
  • Cyclopentanes / chemical synthesis*
  • Cyclopentanes / chemistry
  • Cyclopentanes / pharmacology
  • Humans
  • Hydrogen Bonding
  • In Vitro Techniques
  • Insulin / metabolism
  • Insulin Secretion
  • Ion Channel Gating
  • Islets of Langerhans / drug effects
  • Islets of Langerhans / metabolism
  • KATP Channels / metabolism*
  • Male
  • Membrane Potentials / drug effects
  • Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / drug effects
  • Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / physiology
  • Myocytes, Smooth Muscle / drug effects
  • Myocytes, Smooth Muscle / physiology
  • Rats
  • Rats, Wistar
  • Structure-Activity Relationship
  • Thiazines / chemical synthesis*
  • Thiazines / chemistry
  • Thiazines / pharmacology
  • Vasodilation / drug effects
  • Vasodilator Agents / chemical synthesis*
  • Vasodilator Agents / chemistry
  • Vasodilator Agents / pharmacology

Substances

  • Cyclopentanes
  • Insulin
  • KATP Channels
  • Thiazines
  • Vasodilator Agents