We have recently described two types of Langerhans cells (LCs), which develop via separate pathways in steady-state conditions and during inflammation. Here, we propose that these two types of LCs differ in their requirement for transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1), and we discuss how TGFβ1 impacts on the development of other dendritic cell subtypes.
Keywords: Id2; Langerhans cells; TGFβ1; cell differentiation; dendritic cells.