Analysis of an intervention to reduce parental anxiety prior to voiding cystourethrogram

J Pediatr Urol. 2013 Dec;9(6 Pt B):1223-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2013.05.015. Epub 2013 Jun 13.

Abstract

Purpose: The voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) is a common imaging test in pediatric urology that can be associated with anxiety in the child and parent. We hypothesized that education by mailed brochure would decrease pre-procedure parental anxiety.

Methods: Families of children scheduled for VCUG were randomized into an experimental group that was mailed an educational brochure about the VCUG and a control group. Immediately prior to the procedure, parental anxiety was assessed with the self-administered State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). The parent repeated the STAI at home after the VCUG and answered brief questions about educational resources used to prepare for the VUCG.

Results: We enrolled 105 families (47 experimental, 58 control). Parental state anxiety was higher before the procedure than after the procedure (p < 0.001). Younger parents had greater pre-procedure state anxiety (p = 0.007). Contrary to our expectations, pre-procedure state anxiety did not differ between control and experimental groups. However, parents in the experimental group demonstrated less anxiety with some individual items in the questionnaire.

Conclusion: An educational brochure mailed to families prior to VCUG did not decrease pre-procedure parental state anxiety. However, the educational brochure can ensure accurate dissemination of information to help families prepare for this potentially distressing procedure.

Keywords: Anxiety; Cystourethrography; Patient education handout; Pediatrics; Urography.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Anxiety / epidemiology
  • Anxiety / prevention & control*
  • Anxiety / psychology
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Male
  • Pamphlets*
  • Parents / psychology*
  • Patient Education as Topic / methods
  • Pediatrics
  • Psychology, Adolescent
  • Psychology, Child
  • Risk Factors
  • Urography / psychology*
  • Urologic Diseases / diagnostic imaging*
  • Urologic Diseases / epidemiology
  • Urologic Diseases / psychology*