Corneal innervation as a window to peripheral neuropathies

Exp Eye Res. 2013 Aug:113:148-50. doi: 10.1016/j.exer.2013.05.016. Epub 2013 Jun 14.

Abstract

The cornea receives the densest sensory innervation of the body, which is exclusively from small-fiber nociceptive (pain-sensing) neurons. These are similar to those in the skin of the legs, the standard location for neurodiagnostic skin biopsies used to diagnose small-fiber peripheral polyneuropathies. Many cancer chemotherapy agents cause dose-related, therapy-limiting, sensory-predominant polyneuropathy. Because corneal innervation can be detected non-invasively, it is a potential surrogate biomarker for skin biopsy measurements. Therefore, we compared hindpaw-skin and cornea innervation in mice treated with neurotoxic chemotherapy. Paclitaxel (0, 5, 10, or 20 mg/kg) was administered to C57/Bl6 mice and peri-mortem cornea and skin biopsies were immunolabeled to reveal and permit quantitation of innervation. Both tissues demonstrated dose-dependent, highly correlated (r = 0.66) nerve fiber damage. These findings suggest that the quantification of corneal nerves may provide a useful surrogate marker for skin peripheral innervation.

Keywords: CCM; CIPN; CNFD; IENFD; chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy; corneal nerve-fiber density; corneal nerves; intraepidermal nerve-fiber density; in vivo corneal confocal microscopy; peripheral neuropathy.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / toxicity
  • Axons / drug effects
  • Axons / pathology*
  • Biopsy
  • Cornea / innervation*
  • Cornea / pathology
  • Cranial Nerve Diseases / chemically induced
  • Cranial Nerve Diseases / diagnosis*
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Microscopy, Confocal
  • Ophthalmic Nerve / drug effects
  • Ophthalmic Nerve / pathology*
  • Paclitaxel / toxicity
  • Peripheral Nervous System Diseases / chemically induced
  • Peripheral Nervous System Diseases / diagnosis*
  • Skin / innervation*
  • Skin / pathology

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic
  • Paclitaxel