Monitoring contact sensitization to p-phenylenediamine (PPD) by patch testing with PPD 0.3% in petrolatum

Contact Dermatitis. 2013 Jul;69(1):26-31. doi: 10.1111/cod.12075.

Abstract

Background: Being a contact allergen of general relevance, p-phenylenediamine (PPD) is patch tested in the baseline series. However, PPD 1% in petrolatum may actively sensitize. Patch testing with PPD at 0.35% pet. proved to be safe, as far as active sensitization is concerned.

Objectives: To determine whether PPD 0.3% pet. reliably detects PPD sensitization.

Methods: Patch testing with PPD 0.3% pet. and 1% pet. synchronously was performed in consecutive patients in a multicentre study within the Information Network of Departments of Dermatology.

Results: Altogether, 2042 patients were patch tested. PPD 1% pet. yielded 6.0% positive reactions (n = 123), and PPD 0.3% pet. yielded 4.7% (n = 95). The synchronous reproducibility of PPD reactions was similar as known from parallel patch tests with identical PPD concentrations. The diagnostic properties of PPD 0.3% pet. expressed as reaction index and positivity ratio were good. Of the 123 patients reacting to PPD 1% pet., 32 (26%) had no positive reaction to PPD 0.3% pet. In 22 of these 32 patients (69%), no clinical relevance could be found.

Conclusions: As patch testing with PPD 0.3% pet. is reliable according to our results, we recommend replacing PPD 1% pet. in the baseline series with PPD 0.3% pet.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Allergens / administration & dosage*
  • Coloring Agents / administration & dosage*
  • Dermatitis, Contact / diagnosis*
  • Drug Administration Schedule
  • Female
  • Germany
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Patch Tests / methods*
  • Petrolatum / administration & dosage*
  • Pharmaceutical Vehicles / administration & dosage*
  • Phenylenediamines / administration & dosage*
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Allergens
  • Coloring Agents
  • Pharmaceutical Vehicles
  • Phenylenediamines
  • Petrolatum
  • 4-phenylenediamine