Beclin 1 mitigates motor and neuropathological deficits in genetic mouse models of Machado-Joseph disease

Brain. 2013 Jul;136(Pt 7):2173-88. doi: 10.1093/brain/awt144.

Abstract

Machado-Joseph disease or spinocerebellar ataxia type 3, the most common dominantly-inherited spinocerebellar ataxia, results from translation of the polyglutamine-expanded and aggregation prone ataxin 3 protein. Clinical manifestations include cerebellar ataxia and pyramidal signs and there is no therapy to delay disease progression. Beclin 1, an autophagy-related protein and essential gene for cell survival, is decreased in several neurodegenerative disorders. This study aimed at evaluating if lentiviral-mediated beclin 1 overexpression would rescue motor and neuropathological impairments when administered to pre- and post-symptomatic lentiviral-based and transgenic mouse models of Machado-Joseph disease. Beclin 1-mediated significant improvements in motor coordination, balance and gait with beclin 1-treated mice equilibrating longer periods in the Rotarod and presenting longer and narrower footprints. Furthermore, in agreement with the improvements observed in motor function beclin 1 overexpression prevented neuronal dysfunction and neurodegeneration, decreasing formation of polyglutamine-expanded aggregates, preserving Purkinje cell arborization and immunoreactivity for neuronal markers. These data show that overexpression of beclin 1 in the mouse cerebellum is able to rescue and hinder the progression of motor deficits when administered to pre- and post-symptomatic stages of the disease.

Keywords: ataxin-3; autophagy; beclin-1, Machado-Joseph disease, spinocerebellar ataxia type 3.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Age Factors
  • Analysis of Variance
  • Animals
  • Animals, Newborn
  • Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins / genetics
  • Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins / metabolism*
  • Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins / therapeutic use*
  • Ataxin-3
  • Autophagy / genetics
  • Beclin-1
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Cerebellum / cytology
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Dopamine and cAMP-Regulated Phosphoprotein 32 / metabolism
  • Female
  • Gene Expression Regulation / genetics
  • Green Fluorescent Proteins / genetics
  • Humans
  • Machado-Joseph Disease / complications
  • Machado-Joseph Disease / drug therapy*
  • Machado-Joseph Disease / genetics
  • Machado-Joseph Disease / metabolism*
  • Male
  • Membrane Proteins / genetics
  • Membrane Proteins / metabolism*
  • Membrane Proteins / therapeutic use*
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Mice, Transgenic
  • Motor Activity / drug effects
  • Motor Activity / genetics
  • Nerve Degeneration / etiology
  • Nerve Degeneration / prevention & control
  • Nerve Tissue Proteins / genetics
  • Nerve Tissue Proteins / metabolism
  • Nuclear Proteins / genetics
  • Nuclear Proteins / metabolism
  • Peptides / genetics
  • Postural Balance / genetics
  • Psychomotor Performance / physiology
  • Repressor Proteins / genetics
  • Repressor Proteins / metabolism
  • Sensation Disorders / etiology
  • Sensation Disorders / genetics
  • Sensation Disorders / metabolism
  • Transfection

Substances

  • Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins
  • BECN1 protein, human
  • Beclin-1
  • Dopamine and cAMP-Regulated Phosphoprotein 32
  • Membrane Proteins
  • Nerve Tissue Proteins
  • Nuclear Proteins
  • Peptides
  • Repressor Proteins
  • Green Fluorescent Proteins
  • polyglutamine
  • ATXN3 protein, human
  • Ataxin-3