Screening methods to detect child maltreatment: high variability in Dutch emergency departments

Emerg Med J. 2014 Mar;31(3):196-200. doi: 10.1136/emermed-2013-202733. Epub 2013 Jun 28.

Abstract

Background: In the Netherlands, screening for child maltreatment is mandatory in all emergency departments but it is unclear which screening methods are being used. As a first step towards implementation of a universal screening method across all emergency departments, we assessed the currently used screening methods.

Objective: To provide an overview of the screening methods for child maltreatment across all emergency departments in the Netherlands and to assess their empirical substantiation.

Methods: We surveyed all emergency departments in the Netherlands using a questionnaire on screening methods. All screening checklists used in emergency departments were assembled and compared with the literature.

Results: 85 hospitals with an emergency department were approached, 80 of which completed the questionnaire and 77 provided copies of their screening checklists. All participating hospitals use a screening checklist, 41% a screening physical examination, 60% a screening based on parental risk factors and 3% a retrospective review of all charts. The empirical substantiation for these screening methods is largely lacking, and at least 73% of the hospitals use a checklist that has not been reported in the literature.

Conclusions: Large variations in screening methods exist across emergency departments in the Netherlands, most of which are not based on empirical evidence.

Keywords: Paediatrics, non accidental injury; Violence, domestic.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Checklist / standards
  • Child
  • Child Abuse / diagnosis*
  • Child, Preschool
  • Emergency Service, Hospital*
  • Empirical Research
  • Evidence-Based Medicine
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Male
  • Mass Screening / methods*
  • Mass Screening / standards
  • Netherlands
  • Surveys and Questionnaires