Induction therapy in adult intestinal transplantation: reduced incidence of rejection with "2-dose" alemtuzumab protocol

Clin Transplant. 2013 Jul-Aug;27(4):567-70. doi: 10.1111/ctr.12166. Epub 2013 Jul 2.

Abstract

The incidence of early rejection after intestinal transplantation correlates with heightened risk of graft loss and mortality. Many different induction or pre-conditioning protocols have been reported in the last 10 yr to improve outcomes; however, sepsis remains prevalent and diminishes long-term results. We recently began a "2-dose" alemtuzumab trial protocol - 15 mg at day 0 and 15 mg repeated on day 7 - with the hope of reducing our infection rate. We compared three different protocols used at our institution (daclizumab, conventional "4-dose" alemtuzumab, and "2-dose" alemtuzumab). There was a significantly lower rate of early rejection with the "2-dose" alemtuzumab protocol in our study group of mainly (88%) intestinal grafts without accompanying liver engraftment with its protective immunologic effect. Sepsis remained low. Longer follow-up will be required to evaluate the effects of this new protocol on longer-term outcomes.

Keywords: acute cellular rejection; alemtuzumab; induction.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Alemtuzumab
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / therapeutic use*
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Graft Rejection / drug therapy
  • Graft Rejection / epidemiology*
  • Graft Rejection / mortality
  • Graft Survival*
  • Humans
  • Intestine, Small / transplantation*
  • Middle Aged
  • Prognosis
  • Remission Induction
  • Survival Rate
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
  • Alemtuzumab