RLIP76 protein knockdown attenuates obesity due to a high-fat diet

J Biol Chem. 2013 Aug 9;288(32):23394-406. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M113.480194. Epub 2013 Jul 2.

Abstract

Feeding a Western high-fat diet (HFD) to C57BL/6 mice induces obesity, associated with a chronic inflammatory state, lipid transport, and metabolic derangements, and organ system effects that particularly prominent in the kidneys. Here, we report that RLIP76 homozygous knock-out (RLIP76(-/-)) mice are highly resistant to obesity as well as these other features of metabolic syndrome caused by HFD. The normal increase in pro-inflammatory and fibrotic markers associated with HFD induced obesity in wild-type C57B mice was broadly and nearly completely abrogated in RLIP76(-/-) mice. This is a particularly striking finding because chemical markers of oxidative stress including lipid hydroperoxides and alkenals were significantly higher in RLIP76(-/-) mice. Whereas HFD caused marked suppression of AMPK in wild-type C57B mice, RLIP76(-/-) mice had baseline activation of AMP-activated protein kinase, which was not further affected by HFD. The baseline renal function was reduced in RLIP76(-/-) mice as compared with wild-type, but was unaffected by HFD, in marked contrast to severe renal impairment and glomerulopathy in the wild-type mice given HFD. Our findings confirm a fundamental role of RLIP76 in regulating the function of obesity-promoting pro-inflammatory cytokines, and provide a novel mechanism for targeted therapy of obesity and metabolic syndrome.

Keywords: Adiponectin; Adipose Tissue; Insulin; Kidney; Leptin; Obesity.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • AMP-Activated Protein Kinases / genetics
  • AMP-Activated Protein Kinases / metabolism
  • Animals
  • Biomarkers / metabolism
  • Cytokines / genetics
  • Cytokines / metabolism*
  • Dietary Fats / adverse effects*
  • Dietary Fats / pharmacology
  • Enzyme Activation / drug effects
  • Enzyme Activation / genetics
  • GTPase-Activating Proteins / genetics
  • GTPase-Activating Proteins / metabolism*
  • Gene Knockdown Techniques
  • Inflammation / chemically induced
  • Inflammation / genetics
  • Inflammation / metabolism
  • Metabolic Syndrome / chemically induced
  • Metabolic Syndrome / genetics
  • Metabolic Syndrome / metabolism*
  • Mice
  • Mice, Knockout
  • Obesity / chemically induced
  • Obesity / genetics
  • Obesity / metabolism*
  • Oxidative Stress / drug effects*
  • Oxidative Stress / genetics

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • Cytokines
  • Dietary Fats
  • GTPase-Activating Proteins
  • Ralbp1 protein, mouse
  • AMP-Activated Protein Kinases