One-sample determination of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in children. An evaluation based on 75 consecutive patients

Scand J Clin Lab Invest. 2013 Sep;73(6):466-75. doi: 10.3109/00365513.2013.803233. Epub 2013 Jul 8.

Abstract

Background and aim: From a clinical point of view determination of glomerular filtration rate (clearance) is important. The aim of the present study was to compare the one-sample clearance to reference multiple-sample (51)Cr-EDTA clearance in consecutively referred children suspected of or with established nephro-urological disorders.

Material and methods: A total of 75 children, age ½-13 years, received a quantitative intravenous injection of (51)Cr-EDTA followed by six plasma samples 10-120 min after injection. The multiple-sample clearance was measured as injected dose relative to the area under the plasma radioactivity curve. The one-sample clearance was determined from a single plasma sample collected at 60, 90 or 120 min after injection according to the one-pool method.

Results: The overall accuracy of one-sample clearance was excellent with mean numeric difference to the reference value of 0.7-1.7 mL/min. In 64 children, the one-sample clearance was within ± 4 mL/min of the multiple-sample value. However, in 11 children the numeric difference exceeded 4 mL/min (4.4-19.5). Analysis of age, body size, distribution volume, indicator retention time, clearance level, curve fitting, and sampling time could not explain the observed large difference between one-sample and multiple-sample clearance in these 15% of the children.

Conclusion: In the majority of children there is an excellent agreement between one-sample clearance and multiple-sample clearance. However, unexpectedly in a small fraction (15%) larger discrepancies are found. If an accurate clearance value is essential a multiple-sample determination should be performed.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Chromium Radioisotopes
  • Edetic Acid* / pharmacokinetics
  • Female
  • Glomerular Filtration Rate*
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Male
  • Metabolic Clearance Rate
  • Radionuclide Imaging
  • Radiopharmaceuticals* / pharmacokinetics
  • Reference Values
  • Tissue Distribution
  • Urologic Diseases / diagnostic imaging*
  • Urologic Diseases / physiopathology

Substances

  • Chromium Radioisotopes
  • Radiopharmaceuticals
  • Edetic Acid