Dynamics of ninhydrin-reactive nitrogen and pH in gravesoil during the extended postmortem interval

J Forensic Sci. 2013 Sep;58(5):1348-1352. doi: 10.1111/1556-4029.12230. Epub 2013 Jul 23.

Abstract

Estimating the postmortem interval of skeletal remains is difficult, as few tools exist to do so. To address this problem, we conducted a field experiment to measure the chemistry of swine (Sus scrofa domesticus Linnaeus) gravesoil after 1 year and 3 years postmortem. Carcasses were placed on the soil surface of a pasture during June in a cold (Dfa) climate. Significant (p < 0.05) increases in ninhydrin-reactive nitrogen, pH, total nitrogen, and nitrate in gravesoil were detected 1 year postmortem. Significant differences in gravesoil chemistry were not detected 3 years postmortem. These observations coincided with gaps in plant growth 1 year postmortem and the development of lush vegetation 3 years postmortem. We conclude that these phenomena can be used to assist the decision-making process regarding the allocation of resources during the early stages of a death investigation.

Keywords: ammonium; cadaver decomposition island; carbon; clandestine grave; forensic science; forensic taphonomy; nitrate; nitrogen; pH.

MeSH terms

  • Ammonium Compounds / analysis
  • Animals
  • Carbon / analysis
  • Forensic Pathology
  • Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
  • Models, Animal
  • Ninhydrin
  • Nitrogen / analysis*
  • Postmortem Changes*
  • Soil / chemistry*
  • Swine

Substances

  • Ammonium Compounds
  • Soil
  • Carbon
  • Ninhydrin
  • Nitrogen