Obstetrical outcome of young women with a past history of cerebral venous thrombosis

Cerebrovasc Dis. 2013;36(1):55-61. doi: 10.1159/000351507. Epub 2013 Jul 30.

Abstract

Background: This study was designed to review the obstetrical outcome of a consecutive series of cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) affecting fertile women over a long period of time.

Methods: From a computerized database of four hospitals of a French region (Poitou-Charentes), we selected patients admitted to hospital for CVT between January 1995 and February 2012. All the case notes were re-examined by two neurologists to confirm the initial diagnosis of CVT. The criterion of inclusion in our study was the occurrence of CVT in a woman ≤ 40 years of age. All the patients were recontacted by telephone in September 2012 and could be seen in an outpatient clinic. The data of interest were: occurrence of subsequent pregnancies, outcome of these pregnancies, their possible complications, their management with respect to preventive medication, details on the birth and the neonate.

Results: Out of 190 consecutive patients hospitalized for CVT, 62 women aged ≤ 40 years were included (mean age 27.2 ± 6.7 years at the time of their cerebrovascular event). The mean duration of follow-up was 89.5 ± 60.6 months (median: 76 months). There were 45 pregnancies in 24 of the women. Among these 45 pregnancies, 1 was in progress, 24 were completed resulting in normal children, whereas 20 were terminated (5 voluntary abortions, 14 miscarriages and 1 medical abortion). During the pregnancies recorded, there was one recurrence of CVT and no extra-CVT. Various management strategies were adopted, depending on the identified cause(s) for CVT and the medical history of the patient.

Conclusions: Our study confirms that the occurrence of a CVT in young women is not a contraindication for subsequent pregnancy. However, it points to a high incidence of miscarriage. Apart from this fact, there is no increase in materno-fetal complications during pregnancy and childbirth, and the neonates are healthy. The risk of recurrence of a CVT or extra-CVT during subsequent pregnancy is low but most of patients were on preventive antithrombotic medication.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study
  • Observational Study

MeSH terms

  • Abortion, Induced / statistics & numerical data
  • Abortion, Spontaneous / epidemiology
  • Abortion, Therapeutic / statistics & numerical data
  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Age of Onset
  • Anticoagulants / therapeutic use
  • Cerebral Veins / pathology*
  • Female
  • France / epidemiology
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Intracranial Thrombosis / epidemiology*
  • Intracranial Thrombosis / etiology
  • Neuroimaging
  • Pregnancy
  • Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic / genetics
  • Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic / prevention & control
  • Pregnancy Outcome*
  • Pregnancy Rate
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Secondary Prevention
  • Thrombophilia / epidemiology
  • Thrombophilia / genetics
  • Thrombosis / prevention & control
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Anticoagulants