Objective: To compare clinical and laboratory diagnosis of lower reproductive tract infections (RTIs) in a clinic setting, among unmarried adolescents and young adults between 15 and 24 y and to validate clinical diagnosis of lower RTIs against the microbiological diagnosis as gold standard.
Methods: A structured questionnaire was administered among the participants to assess symptoms of lower reproductive tract infections and associated known risk factors. A qualified gynecologist conducted the visual inspection of the external genitalia for any clinical evidence of lower RTIs and took cotton tipped swab from the vulva (outside the hymen) for laboratory examination. The swabs were examined by a qualified Laboratory Technician for evidence of candidiasis, and bacterial vaginosis.
Results: Out of the total of 427 unmarried girls enrolled in the study, 344 (80.6%) belonged to the age group 15-19 y and 83 (19.4%) to 20-24 y. The results of this clinic based study validating clinical diagnosis against laboratory diagnosis as gold standard have shown 62.69% sensitivity, 97.78% specificity, 0.76 positive predictive value, 0.96 negative predictive value and 92.27 overall accuracy.
Conclusions: The results of this clinic based study on unmarried adolescent lower reproductive tract infections validating clinical diagnosis against laboratory diagnosis as gold standard have shown a high 0.96 negative predictive value, suggesting that external genital examination is enough to rule out lower reproductive tract infections among unmarried adolescents.