The assignments of 'structural alerts' by Ashby and associates as predictors of genotoxic carcinogenicity were used as the entries for CASE, an artificial intelligence-based structure-activity relational method. CASE, using this human intelligence-based information, was able to derive structural determinants that duplicate the informational content of the structural alerts (sensitivity, 0.974; specificity, 0.948). The CASE-predicted alerts performed as well as the results of the Salmonella mutagenicity assay or the direct application of structural alerts in predicting carcinogens.