Prospective study of 583 neck dissections in oral cancers: implications for clinical practice

Head Neck. 2014 Oct;36(10):1503-7. doi: 10.1002/hed.23494. Epub 2014 Jan 13.

Abstract

Background: Determining the level of nodal metastases may help decrease the extent of neck dissections and reduce morbidity.

Methods: A prospective study of neck dissections in patients with oral cancer was conducted. Each nodal level was delineated, sent for histopathology, and reported level-wise. Incidence of overall and isolated metastatic nodes at different levels was calculated. Logistic regression was used to find factors predicting metastases to levels IIB and V.

Results: Five hundred eighty-three neck dissections were prospectively evaluated. A total of 95.7% metastases occurred at levels I to IV. Overall incidence of metastases to levels IIB and V was 3.8% and 3.3%, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed IIA positivity as an independent predictive factor for metastases to both IIB and V.

Conclusion: This study of lymph node mapping in patients with oral cancer showed a predictable pattern of lymph node metastasis according to primary site. Selective neck dissection (levels I-IV) in patients with oral cancers may be adequate. Determining status of level IIA is important to guide dissection of levels IIB and V.

Keywords: neck dissection; neck nodes; nodal metastasis; oral cancer; skip metastases.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Female
  • Frozen Sections
  • Humans
  • Logistic Models
  • Lymph Node Excision*
  • Lymphatic Metastasis
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Mouth Neoplasms / pathology*
  • Multivariate Analysis
  • Neck / pathology
  • Prospective Studies