Evaluation of the impact of a quality improvement program and intensivist-directed ICU team on mortality after cardiac surgery

J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2013 Dec;27(6):1194-200. doi: 10.1053/j.jvca.2013.02.028. Epub 2013 Sep 2.

Abstract

Objective: Quality improvement is an important pursuit for critical care teams.

Design: The authors performed an observational cohort study with historic control.

Setting: Eight-bed cardiac surgery ICU in a tertiary university hospital.

Participants: A total of 4,866 patients undergoing cardiac surgery over a 6-year period between January 2005 and December 2010.

Interventions: In this study, the influence of the introduction of a quality improvement program under the supervision of a newly appointed intensivist on patient outcomes after cardiac surgery was evaluated. Patients were further divided into three 2-year periods: Period I, 2005-2006, before appointment of an intensivist; Period II, 2007-2008, after appointment of an intensivist and initial introduction of a quality improvement program; and Period III, 2009-2010, after implementation of the program and introduction of Critical Care Information Systems.

Measurements and main results: There were 1,633, 1,690, and 1,543 patients in each period, respectively. There was no significant difference in the severity of patient illness between the groups. Unadjusted in-hospital mortality decreased from 6.37% (104 patients) in Period I to 4.32% (73 patients) and 3.3% (51 patients) in Periods II and III, respectively (p< 0.01).

Conclusions: Appointment of an intensivist-directed team model and introduction of quality improvement interventions were associated with decreased mortality after cardiac surgery.

Keywords: cardiac surgery; postoperative care; quality improvement.

Publication types

  • Observational Study

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Cardiac Surgical Procedures / methods*
  • Cardiac Surgical Procedures / mortality*
  • Child
  • Cohort Studies
  • Critical Care / methods*
  • Female
  • Hospital Mortality
  • Humans
  • Leadership
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Multivariate Analysis
  • Patient Care Team / organization & administration*
  • Physicians
  • Quality Improvement*
  • ROC Curve
  • Risk Assessment
  • Stroke Volume / physiology
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Young Adult