The impact of blood product ratios in massively transfused pediatric trauma patients

Am J Surg. 2013 Nov;206(5):655-60. doi: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2013.07.009. Epub 2013 Sep 4.

Abstract

Background: Few studies have examined the impact of balanced resuscitation in pediatric trauma patients requiring massive transfusions. Adult data may not be generalizable to children.

Methods: Retrospective analysis assessed patients seen at a level I trauma center between 2003 and 2010 aged ≤18 years requiring massive packed red blood cell (PRBC) transfusion, defined as transfusion of ≥50% total blood volume. After excluding mortalities in the first 24 hours, the impact of plasma and platelet ratios on mortality was evaluated.

Results: Of 6,675 pediatric trauma patients, 105 were massively transfused (mean age, 12.4 ± 6.3 years; mean Injury Severity Score, 25.8 ± 11.4; mortality rate, 18.1%). All deceased patients sustained severe head injuries. Plasma/PRBC and platelet/PRBC ratios were not significantly associated with mortality.

Conclusions: In this study, higher plasma/PRBC and platelet/PRBC ratios were not associated with increased survival in children. The value of aggressive blood product transfusion for injured pediatric patients requires further prospective validation.

Keywords: Coagulopathy; Hemorrhage; Massive transfusion protocol; Pediatrics; Trauma.

MeSH terms

  • Blood Component Transfusion*
  • Blood Platelets*
  • Blood Volume
  • California / epidemiology
  • Child
  • Craniocerebral Trauma / mortality
  • Craniocerebral Trauma / therapy
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Injury Severity Score
  • Male
  • Multivariate Analysis
  • Plasma*
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Trauma Centers
  • Wounds, Nonpenetrating / epidemiology
  • Wounds, Nonpenetrating / therapy