Protective role of low-dose TGF-β1 in early diabetic nephropathy induced by streptozotocin

Int Immunopharmacol. 2013 Nov;17(3):752-8. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2013.08.023. Epub 2013 Sep 18.

Abstract

Objective: To determine whether low-dose TGF-β1 and/or IL-6-receptorα monoclonal antibody (anti-IL-6Rα) can be used to delay renal damage and preserve renal function by rebalancing regulatory T (Treg)/Th17 cells during the course of early diabetic nephropathy (DN) induced by streptozotocin (STZ).

Methods: Diabetes was induced in C57BL/6 mice by multiple STZ injection. Low-dose TGF-β1 (0.1 μg/mouse/week) and/or anti-IL-6Rα (10 μg/mouse/week) were administered 6 dozes after STZ injection. After 40 days of diabetes onset, metabolic indices, renal structure, activated Akt and Stat3, Treg/Th17 balance, markers and inflammatory cytokines, and oxidative stress in glomeruli were assessed.

Results: Low-dose TGF-β1, instead of causing renal damage, decreased blood glucose, ameliorated kidney hypertrophy, attenuated oxidative stress, maintained activated Stat3, and induced Treg/Th17 balance in early DN. Interestingly, low-dose TGF-β1+anti-IL-6Rα or anti-IL-6Rα alone did not attenuate DN.

Conclusions: This study provides convincing experimental evidence of the protective effects of low-dose TGF-β1 in improving metabolic disorder and slowing renal damage in early DN.

Keywords: Diabetic nephropathy; IL-6 blockade; Regulatory T cells; Streptozotocin; TGF-β1; Th17 cells.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Blood Glucose / analysis
  • Cytokines / genetics
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / drug therapy*
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / metabolism
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / pathology
  • Diabetic Nephropathies / drug therapy*
  • Diabetic Nephropathies / metabolism
  • Diabetic Nephropathies / pathology
  • Forkhead Transcription Factors / genetics
  • Forkhead Transcription Factors / metabolism
  • Hypoglycemic Agents / pharmacology
  • Hypoglycemic Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Kidney / drug effects
  • Kidney / pathology
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / metabolism
  • RNA, Messenger / metabolism
  • Receptors, Interleukin-6 / immunology
  • STAT3 Transcription Factor / genetics
  • STAT3 Transcription Factor / metabolism
  • Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / pharmacology
  • Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / therapeutic use*

Substances

  • Blood Glucose
  • Cytokines
  • Forkhead Transcription Factors
  • Foxp3 protein, mouse
  • Hypoglycemic Agents
  • RNA, Messenger
  • Receptors, Interleukin-6
  • STAT3 Transcription Factor
  • Stat3 protein, mouse
  • Transforming Growth Factor beta1
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt