Early post-transplant immune monitoring can predict long-term kidney graft survival: soluble CD30 levels, anti-HLA antibodies and IgA-anti-Fab autoantibodies

Hum Immunol. 2014 Jan;75(1):47-58. doi: 10.1016/j.humimm.2013.09.010. Epub 2013 Sep 17.

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the predictive power of anti-HLA antibodies, sCD30 levels and IgA-anti-Fab autoantibody before and early after transplantation in relation to long-term kidney allograft survival. Pre- and post-transplant sera samples of 59 living-unrelated donor kidney recipients were tested for above risk factors by enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay. 15 out of 59 cases experienced rejection episodes (failure group). Pre- and post-transplant high sCD30 levels were significantly associated with graft failure (P=0.02 and P=0.004) and decreased 4 year graft survival (P = 0.009 and P = 0.001). Higher frequency of post-transplant HLA class-II antibody in the absence of class-I antibody was observed in failure group (P=0.007). Patients with post-transplant HLA class-I and class-II antibodies either alone or in combination showed significant lower 4 year graft survival. Recipients with high sCD30 levels in the presence of HLA class-I or class-II antibodies within 2 weeks post-transplant had poor graft survival (P = 0.004 and P = 0.002, respectively). High levels of post-transplant IgA-anti-Fab antibody was more frequent in functioning-graft patients (P = 0.00001), correlated with decreased serum creatinine levels (P = 0.01) and associated with improved graft survival (P = 0.008). Our findings indicate the deleterious effect of early post-transplant HLA antibodies and increased sCD30 levels dependently and protective effect of IgA-anti-Fab antibodies on long-term renal graft outcomes.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Autoantibodies / blood
  • Autoantibodies / immunology
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Graft Rejection / blood
  • Graft Rejection / immunology
  • Graft Survival / immunology*
  • Histocompatibility Antigens / immunology
  • Humans
  • Immunoglobulin A / blood
  • Immunoglobulin A / immunology
  • Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments / immunology
  • Ki-1 Antigen / blood
  • Ki-1 Antigen / immunology
  • Kidney Transplantation*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Monitoring, Immunologic*

Substances

  • Autoantibodies
  • Histocompatibility Antigens
  • Immunoglobulin A
  • Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments
  • Ki-1 Antigen