Procedural risk following carotid endarterectomy in the hyperacute period after onset of symptoms

Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2013 Nov;46(5):519-24. doi: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2013.08.014. Epub 2013 Sep 5.

Abstract

Objectives: There have been concerns that performing carotid endarterectomy (CEA) in the hyperacute period after onset of a transient ischaemic attack (TIA) or stroke may be associated with a significant increase in the procedural risk that could offset any long-term benefit to the patient. The aim of this audit was to determine the 30-day risk of stroke/death after CEA in symptomatic patients, stratified for delay from the most recent neurological event, mode of presentation, and age.

Methods: Retrospective audit in 475 recently symptomatic patients between October 1, 2008, and April 24, 2013.

Results: Forty-one patients (9%) underwent surgery <48 hours of their most recent event, with a 30-day death/stroke rate of 2.4% (1/41). The procedural risk was 1.8% in 167 patients who underwent surgery within 3-7 days (3/167), falling to 0.8% in 133 patients who underwent surgery between 8 and 14 days (1/133) and 0.8% in 134 patients whose surgery took place after >14 days had elapsed (1/134). Overall, 208 (44%) underwent surgery within 7 days of their most recent neurological event (30-day risk = 1.9%), while 341 (72%) underwent CEA within 14 days (30 day risk = 1.5%). There was no evidence of any systematic differences in procedural risk by operating in the hyperacute period relating to mode of presentation (TIA, stroke, amaurosis) or age (<80 years; >80 years).

Conclusions: This audit found no evidence that the procedural risk was increased when CEA was performed in the hyperacute period whether this time period was defined as <48 hours, <7 days, or <14 days.

Keywords: Carotid endarterectomy; Rapid treatment; Stroke; Transient ischaemic attack.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Acute Disease
  • Age Factors
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Carotid Stenosis / complications
  • Carotid Stenosis / diagnosis
  • Carotid Stenosis / mortality
  • Carotid Stenosis / surgery*
  • Endarterectomy, Carotid* / adverse effects
  • Endarterectomy, Carotid* / mortality
  • England
  • Humans
  • Ischemic Attack, Transient / etiology
  • Ischemic Attack, Transient / mortality
  • Medical Audit
  • Middle Aged
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Assessment
  • Risk Factors
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Stroke / etiology
  • Stroke / mortality
  • Time Factors
  • Time-to-Treatment*
  • Treatment Outcome