Multilevel analysis of the association between posterior restorations and gingival health in young adults: a population-based birth cohort

J Clin Periodontol. 2013 Dec;40(12):1126-31. doi: 10.1111/jcpe.12168. Epub 2013 Oct 13.

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the association of direct posterior restorations with gingival bleeding and dental calculus in young adults from a birth cohort.

Methods: A representative sample (n = 720) of 5914 infants born live in Pelotas, Brazil, in 1982, were prospectively investigated, and posterior restorations and periodontal health outcomes assessed when they were 24 years of age. Tooth-level exploratory variables included the presence and number of restoration's surfaces. Demographic and socio-economic characteristics, oral health instructions, dental floss usage, dental caries presence and smoking were also considered whilst gingival bleeding and dental calculus were the outcomes. Multilevel logistic regression was carried out.

Results: Class I cavities were found in 15.2% (95% CI 14.5-15.9) of the teeth and class II in 3.6% (3.3-4.0). Percentage of teeth with gingival bleeding was 6.1% (5.6-6.6) and that with dental calculus 22% (21.2-22.8). Even after all the individual variables were controlled for, the presence of a class I [OR1.51 (1.14-2.00)] and class II [OR 1.76 (1.04-2.97)] cavities was positively associated with gingival bleeding. Class I [OR1.36 (1.13-1.65)] and Class II [OR1.80 (1.28-2.53)] cavities were associated with dental calculus also.

Conclusions: Posterior restoration and higher number of restored surfaces was associated with a higher prevalence of gingival bleeding and dental calculus around the restoration.

Keywords: amalgam; calculus; cohort; composite; epidemiology; gingival bleeding.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Observational Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Brazil / epidemiology
  • Cohort Studies
  • DMF Index
  • Dental Calculus / epidemiology*
  • Dental Caries / epidemiology
  • Dental Devices, Home Care / statistics & numerical data
  • Dental Restoration, Permanent / statistics & numerical data*
  • Educational Status
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Gingival Hemorrhage / epidemiology*
  • Gingivitis / epidemiology
  • Humans
  • Income / statistics & numerical data
  • Logistic Models
  • Male
  • Mothers / education
  • Oral Health / statistics & numerical data
  • Patient Education as Topic / statistics & numerical data
  • Population Surveillance
  • Prevalence
  • Prospective Studies
  • Smoking / epidemiology
  • Socioeconomic Factors
  • Young Adult