Cerebrovascular correlates of sleep disorders-rational and protocol of a door-to-door survey in rural Coastal Ecuador

J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2014 May-Jun;23(5):1030-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2013.08.020. Epub 2013 Oct 6.

Abstract

Background: Little is known on the role of sleep disorders in the increased prevalence of cerebrovascular diseases in the developing world.

Aims: The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of major sleep disorders in a rural South American population and to determine whether these conditions are associated with stroke, ischemic heart disease, or with a poor cardiovascular health (CVH).

Design: Three-phase, population-based, door-to-door survey in Atahualpa. During phase I, all residents aged 40 years or older will be screened with validated Spanish versions of 5 questionnaires to evaluate major sleep disorders. In phase II, neurologists will examine persons suspected of having a sleep disorder and a random sample of negative individuals to assess the prevalence of these conditions and to validate the accuracy of questionnaires. In phase III, patients with a confirmed sleep disorder will undergo nocturnal polysomnography for achieving a more specific diagnosis. The occurrence of sleep disorders will be correlated with the CVH of the population and with the presence of stroke and ischemic heart disease.

Discussion: This epidemiologic study may prove cost-effective in improving sleep conditions of people living in rural areas of developing countries and may be used as a model for the evaluation of sleep disorders and their cerebrovascular correlates in these populations.

Keywords: Ecuador; Stroke; cardiovascular health; ischemic heart disease; population-based study; sleep disorders.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Cerebrovascular Disorders / diagnosis
  • Cerebrovascular Disorders / epidemiology*
  • Cerebrovascular Disorders / physiopathology
  • Developing Countries
  • Ecuador / epidemiology
  • Female
  • Health Surveys
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Neurologic Examination
  • Polysomnography
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Prevalence
  • Prognosis
  • Reproducibility of Results
  • Research Design*
  • Risk Assessment
  • Risk Factors
  • Rural Health*
  • Sleep Wake Disorders / diagnosis
  • Sleep Wake Disorders / epidemiology*
  • Sleep Wake Disorders / physiopathology
  • Surveys and Questionnaires