Abstract
Heart disease (HD) is associated with estrogen and therefore gender and menopausal status. In addition, clinical evidence shows that increased serum norepinephrine is found in patients with HD. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the cardio-protective effect of genistein, a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) from soy bean extract, in H9c2 cardiomyoblast cells treated with isoproterenol (ISO), a norepinephrine analog. In this in vitro model, image data and results from western blotting shown that ISO treatment was capable of inducing cellular apoptosis, especially the mitochondrial dependent pathway. Treatment of genistein could suppress the expression of mitochondrial pro-apoptotic proteins including Bad, caspase-8, caspase-9, and caspase-3 in H9c2 treated with ISO. By contrast, several survival proteins were expressed in H9c2 treated with genistein, such as phosphor (p)-Akt, p-Bad, and p-Erk1/2. Furthermore, we confirmed that the protective role of genistein was partially mediated through the expression of Erk1/2, Akt, and NF κ B proteins by adding several pathway inhibitors. These in vitro data suggest that genistein may be a safe and natural SERM alternative to hormone therapy in cardio-protection.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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Animals
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Apoptosis / drug effects*
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Apoptosis / genetics*
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Cardiotonic Agents*
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Caspases / genetics
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Caspases / metabolism
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Cells, Cultured
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Down-Regulation / drug effects*
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Estrogens / physiology
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Gene Expression / drug effects*
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Genistein / pharmacology*
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Genistein / therapeutic use
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Glycine max
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Heart Diseases / drug therapy
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Heart Diseases / genetics
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Heart Diseases / prevention & control
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Isoproterenol / adverse effects*
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JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / genetics*
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JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / physiology
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MAP Kinase Signaling System / genetics*
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MAP Kinase Signaling System / physiology*
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Mitochondria / genetics
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Mitochondria / pathology
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Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 / genetics*
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Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 / physiology
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Molecular Targeted Therapy
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Myocytes, Cardiac / pathology*
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NF-kappa B / genetics*
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NF-kappa B / physiology
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Phytotherapy
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Rats
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Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators*
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Up-Regulation / drug effects*
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bcl-Associated Death Protein / genetics
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bcl-Associated Death Protein / metabolism
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p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / genetics*
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p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / physiology
Substances
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Bad protein, rat
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Cardiotonic Agents
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Estrogens
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NF-kappa B
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Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators
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bcl-Associated Death Protein
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Genistein
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JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
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Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3
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p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
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Caspases
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Isoproterenol