Molecular characterization of canine coronavirus strains circulating in Brazil

Vet Microbiol. 2014 Jan 10;168(1):8-15. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.10.002. Epub 2013 Oct 22.

Abstract

To characterize canine coronavirus (CCoV) circulating in diarrheic puppies in Brazil, 250 fecal samples collected between 2006 and 2012 were tested. By using RT-PCR to partially amplify the M gene, CCoV RNA was detected in 30 samples. Sequence analysis of the M protein grouped eight strains with CCoV-I and another 19 with CCoV-II prototypes. To genotype/subtype the CCoV strains and assess the occurrence of single or multiple CCoV infections, RT-PCR of the S gene was performed, and 25/30 CCoV-positive strains amplified with one or two primer pairs. For 17/25 samples, single infections were detected as follows: six CCoV-I, nine CCoV-IIa and two CCoV-IIb. Eight samples were positive for more than one genotype/subtype as follows: seven CCoV-I/IIa and one CCoV-I/IIb. Sequence analysis revealed that the CCoV-I and IIa strains shared high genetic similarity to each other and to the prototypes. The Brazilian strains of CCoV-IIb displayed an aminoacid insertion that was also described in CCoV-IIb-UCD-1 and TGEV strains. Among the 25 CCoV-positive puppies, five had a fatal outcome, all but one of which were cases of mixed infection. The current study is the first reported molecular characterization of CCoV-I, IIa and IIb strains in Brazil.

Keywords: Brazil; Canine coronavirus; Enteritis; Genotype; Subtype.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Brazil
  • Coinfection
  • Coronavirus Infections / epidemiology
  • Coronavirus Infections / mortality
  • Coronavirus Infections / veterinary*
  • Coronavirus Infections / virology
  • Coronavirus M Proteins
  • Coronavirus, Canine / genetics*
  • Dog Diseases / epidemiology
  • Dog Diseases / mortality
  • Dog Diseases / virology*
  • Dogs
  • Feces / virology
  • Genotype
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Phylogeny
  • Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • Sequence Analysis
  • Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus / genetics
  • Viral Matrix Proteins / genetics

Substances

  • Coronavirus M Proteins
  • Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus
  • Viral Matrix Proteins
  • spike protein, canine coronavirus

Associated data

  • GENBANK/KF308994
  • GENBANK/KF308995
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