Glucokinase activators

Pharm Pat Anal. 2012 Jul;1(3):301-11. doi: 10.4155/ppa.12.26.

Abstract

In this review we highlight recently disclosed progress in the field of small-molecule activators of the human glucokinase enzyme. Several of the reported chemotypes possess structural features that diverge from known leads; some of these modifications appear to be specifically designed to modulate tissue selectivity or discrete parameters of enzyme function (e.g., S0.5 v Vmax). This review will inform the reader of the extent of continued effort being directed toward discovery of a first-in-class drug for Type II diabetes mellitus that functions through this target. Patents were selected from those published in December 2009 up to November 2011; foreign filings were translated where possible to understand the claims and biological techniques utilized to characterize the reported glucokinase activators. Overall, there appears to be a recent trend leading to reduced patent filings for small-molecule glucokinase activators. There are many possible explanations for this trend; however, it is likely that the field has reached maturity and that the downturn of new disclosures represents the transition of many of these programs to the clinic.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / drug therapy*
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / enzymology
  • Drug Design
  • Enzyme Activators / pharmacology
  • Glucokinase / drug effects*
  • Glucokinase / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Hypoglycemic Agents / pharmacology*
  • Molecular Targeted Therapy
  • Patents as Topic

Substances

  • Enzyme Activators
  • Hypoglycemic Agents
  • Glucokinase