bHLH122 is important for drought and osmotic stress resistance in Arabidopsis and in the repression of ABA catabolism

New Phytol. 2014 Mar;201(4):1192-1204. doi: 10.1111/nph.12607. Epub 2013 Nov 21.

Abstract

• Although proteins in the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) family are universal transcription factors in eukaryotes, the biological roles of most bHLH family members are not well understood in plants. • The Arabidopsis thaliana bHLH122 transcripts were strongly induced by drought, NaCl and osmotic stresses, but not by ABA treatment. Promoter::GUS analysis showed that bHLH122 was highly expressed in vascular tissues and guard cells. Compared with wild-type (WT) plants, transgenic plants overexpressing bHLH122 displayed greater resistance to drought, NaCl and osmotic stresses. In contrast, the bhlh122 loss-of-function mutant was more sensitive to NaCl and osmotic stresses than were WT plants. • Microarray analysis indicated that bHLH122 was important for the expression of a number of abiotic stress-responsive genes. In electrophoretic mobility shift assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays, bHLH122 could bind directly to the G-box/E-box cis-elements in the CYP707A3 promoter, and repress its expression. Further, up-regulation of bHLH122 substantially increased cellular ABA levels. • These results suggest that bHLH122 functions as a positive regulator of drought, NaCl and osmotic signaling.

Keywords: ABA; Arabidopsis thaliana; CYP707A3; abiotic stress; bHLH122.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Abscisic Acid / metabolism*
  • Abscisic Acid / pharmacology
  • Adaptation, Physiological* / drug effects
  • Adaptation, Physiological* / genetics
  • Arabidopsis / drug effects
  • Arabidopsis / genetics
  • Arabidopsis / physiology*
  • Arabidopsis Proteins / genetics
  • Arabidopsis Proteins / metabolism*
  • Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors / genetics
  • Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors / metabolism*
  • Droughts*
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / drug effects
  • Mannitol / pharmacology
  • Mutation / genetics
  • Osmosis*
  • Plants, Genetically Modified
  • RNA, Messenger / genetics
  • RNA, Messenger / metabolism
  • Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid / genetics
  • Sodium Chloride / pharmacology
  • Stress, Physiological* / drug effects
  • Stress, Physiological* / genetics

Substances

  • Arabidopsis Proteins
  • Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors
  • RNA, Messenger
  • bHLH122 protein, Arabidopsis
  • Mannitol
  • Sodium Chloride
  • Abscisic Acid