Carbimazole/methimazole embryopathy in siblings: a possible genetic susceptibility

Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol. 2013 Nov;97(11):755-8. doi: 10.1002/bdra.23200. Epub 2013 Nov 6.

Abstract

Background: The teratogenic effects of antenatal exposure of antithyroid drugs, carbimazole and methimazole have been well reported in the literature. These comprise of typical facial features and a wide variety of malformations such as choanal atresia, tracheo-esophageal anomalies, congenital heart disease and ectodermal defects. However, the longitudinal studies have failed to establish the consistent teratogenicity of these drugs.

Cases: we report here two siblings with physical features consistent with carbimazole/methimazole embryopathy. We also describe previously unreported minor dental anomalies in these siblings with antenatal exposure of carbimazole.

Conclusion: Generally, only a small proportion of prenatally exposed children have the typical manifestations, and the presence in siblings supports a possible hereditary susceptibility to carbimazole/ methimazole embryopathy. This highlights the importance of recognizing this diagnosis before a subsequent pregnancy.

Keywords: carbimazole; choanal atresia; congenital abnormalities; dysmorphism; embryopathy; methimazole.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Abnormalities, Multiple* / chemically induced
  • Abnormalities, Multiple* / genetics
  • Abnormalities, Multiple* / pathology
  • Antithyroid Agents / administration & dosage
  • Antithyroid Agents / adverse effects*
  • Carbimazole / administration & dosage
  • Carbimazole / adverse effects*
  • Child
  • Female
  • Fetal Diseases* / etiology
  • Fetal Diseases* / genetics
  • Fetal Diseases* / pathology
  • Genetic Predisposition to Disease*
  • Humans
  • Siblings

Substances

  • Antithyroid Agents
  • Carbimazole