Successful repeated treatment of acute myeloid leukemia in early relapse with gemtuzumab ozogamicin alone

Int J Hematol. 2014 Feb;99(2):193-7. doi: 10.1007/s12185-013-1481-y. Epub 2013 Dec 1.

Abstract

A 68-year-old female was diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia (AML-M2 without 8/21 translocation) in December 2006. Although a complete remission (CR) was obtained after induction chemotherapy, the first post-remission therapy was discontinued because of severe cardiovascular complications. She had a relapse of AML with CD33-positive myeloblasts which comprised 38.4 % of the bone marrow cells in November 2007. She received two courses of low-dose chemotherapy because of the previous complications. The amount of Wilm's tumor 1 (WT1) mRNA in the peripheral blood was 13,000 copies/μg RNA after the first course of the chemotherapy, and 4.8 % myeloblasts remained in the bone marrow after the second course. She was treated with a single course of gemtuzumab ozogamicin (GO), with a subsequent CR with 0.9 % marrow myeloblasts and fewer than 50 copies of WT-1 mRNA (normal level). Thereafter, she received five courses of GO monotherapy at each occasion of early AML relapse. Hematological remission has been sustained over a period of about 24 months with the GO monotherapy alone. This case suggests that GO monotherapy is a useful salvage therapy for early relapse of CD33-positive AML in situations in which standard chemotherapy is not indicated.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aminoglycosides / adverse effects
  • Aminoglycosides / therapeutic use*
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / adverse effects
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / therapeutic use*
  • Antineoplastic Agents / adverse effects
  • Antineoplastic Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Female
  • Gemtuzumab
  • Humans
  • Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / drug therapy*
  • Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / prevention & control
  • Remission Induction
  • Salvage Therapy* / adverse effects
  • Secondary Prevention
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Aminoglycosides
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Gemtuzumab