Staged management of the open abdomen and enteroatmospheric fistulae using split-thickness skin grafts

Am J Surg. 2014 Apr;207(4):504-11. doi: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2013.07.040. Epub 2013 Oct 26.

Abstract

Background: Management of the open abdomen with polyglactin 910 mesh followed by split-thickness skin grafts allows safe, early closure of abdominal wounds. This technique can be modified to manage enteroatmospheric fistulae. Staged ventral hernia is performed in a less inflamed surgical field.

Methods: A retrospective review was performed of 59 consecutive patients who underwent abdominal skin grafting for open abdominal wounds from 2001 to 2011.

Results: The median length of follow-up was 215 days. Thirty-one percent of patients presented with preexisting enteroatmospheric fistulae, and 41% required polyglactin 910 mesh placement before skin grafting. Partial or complete skin graft failure occurred in 7 patients. Four patients required repeat skin grafting. All patients ultimately achieved abdominal wound closure, and none developed de novo fistulae.

Conclusions: With proper technique, skin grafting of the open abdomen with a planned ventral hernia repair is a safe and effective alternative to delayed primary closure.

Keywords: Abdominal wall reconstruction; Enteroatmospheric fistula; Enterocutaneous fistula; Open abdomen; Skin graft.

MeSH terms

  • Abdominal Wall / surgery*
  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Intestinal Fistula / surgery*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Plastic Surgery Procedures / methods*
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Skin Transplantation / methods*
  • Surgical Mesh
  • Surgical Wound Dehiscence / surgery*
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Young Adult