Macular lymphocytic arteritis: three cases questioning its classification as primary lymphocytic vasculitis

Dermatology. 2014;228(2):103-6. doi: 10.1159/000356390. Epub 2013 Dec 11.

Abstract

Background: Macular arteritis, macular lymphocytic arteritis (MLA) or lymphocytic thrombophilic arteritis all correspond to an identical new clinicopathological entity. Its individualization as a primary cutaneous lymphocytic arteritis is still controversial for certain authors as it could represent a latent form of cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa.

Materials and methods: We report here 3 additional cases of MLA, present a review of the literature and discuss the disease's nosology.

Results: MLA is characterized clinically by a benign skin eruption consisting in bilateral asymptomatic erythematous/hyperpigmented macules mainly located on the lower legs and histologically by a medium-sized cutaneous lymphocytic prominent arteritis present in early cutaneous lesions.

Conclusion: These findings support that MLA may be considered as a chronic and indolent primary lymphocytic cutaneous arteritis. Nevertheless, in some cases the objective obliteration of cutaneous vessels underlines the need for continuous monitoring in MLA patients.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Arteritis / classification
  • Arteritis / immunology
  • Arteritis / pathology*
  • Diagnosis, Differential
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Hyperpigmentation / immunology
  • Hyperpigmentation / pathology*
  • Leg / pathology
  • Lymphocytes* / immunology
  • Middle Aged
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Skin Diseases, Vascular / pathology