Experience with a novel custom-made fenestrated stent graft in the repair of juxtarenal and type IV thoracoabdominal aneurysms

J Vasc Surg. 2014 Mar;59(3):615-22. doi: 10.1016/j.jvs.2013.10.038. Epub 2013 Dec 15.

Abstract

Objective: Fenestrated stent grafting has become increasingly popular as a means to manage complex aortic pathology, including juxta- and pararenal aneurysms. The design of a recently developed custom-made fenestrated stent graft, in theory, confers advantages when managing anatomically challenging aortic morphology. This study evaluated its feasibility in anatomically challenging scenarios.

Methods: Over a 12-month period, 20 patients received fenestrated stent grafts. Among those, 13 patients with juxtarenal or type IV thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms underwent endovascular repair with the novel fenestrated stent graft at a single UK institution. Data on aneurysm morphology and immediate and short-term results were collected prospectively.

Results: The mean aneurysmal sac size was 7.3 cm (range, 5.5-10.0 cm). The mean infrarenal neck length was 4.4 mm (range, 0-9 mm), and in three cases was lined by a pre-existing infrarenal stent graft. Nine cases had an infrarenal neck angulation of 60(°) or more in either the anteroposterior or coronal planes. Five cases had ≥50% thrombus at the proximal landing zone. A total of 35 target vessels were cannulated, of which six right renal and four left renal arteries were angulated ≥120(°). Two-thirds of cannulated celiac trunks were angulated ≥120(°), and one cannulated superior mesenteric artery was angulated ≥ 140(°). Seven of the cannulated targets were stenosed more than 60%. One patient had two right renal arteries arising 3 mm from each other. Four right and four left common iliac arteries were angulated ≥90(°) in relation to the infrarenal aorta. Technical success was 100%. Median time from date of procedure to most recent follow-up with computed tomography scanning was 33 weeks. There was no type I or III endoleak. One type II endoleak was observed at the time of most recent computed tomography scanning and treated expectantly. There was a single incident of left renal artery occlusion. One patient required repair of a brachial artery, fasciotomies, and temporary haemofiltration. One patient died from ischemic heart disease 77 weeks after the procedure.

Conclusions: The use of the novel fenestrated stent graft system in patients with hostile aortic aneurysmal morphology is feasible with acceptable short-term outcomes.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal / diagnostic imaging
  • Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal / surgery*
  • Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic / diagnostic imaging
  • Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic / surgery*
  • Aortography / methods
  • Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation / adverse effects
  • Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation / instrumentation*
  • Blood Vessel Prosthesis*
  • Endoleak / etiology
  • Endoleak / therapy
  • Endovascular Procedures / adverse effects
  • Endovascular Procedures / instrumentation*
  • Feasibility Studies
  • Female
  • Humans
  • London
  • Male
  • Prospective Studies
  • Prosthesis Design*
  • Renal Artery Obstruction / etiology
  • Stents*
  • Time Factors
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed
  • Treatment Outcome