Livedoid vasculopathy: clinical features and treatment in 24 Chinese patients

Acta Derm Venereol. 2014 Sep;94(5):574-8. doi: 10.2340/00015555-1711.

Abstract

Livedo vasculopathy (LV) is a chronic cutaneous disorder characterised by recurrent, painful ulceration ending in stellate scars. We have conducted a retrospective study of clinical features and treatment response of LV in 24 Chinese patients. LV occurred more frequently in women (male:female ratio 1:3). The peak age at onset of disease ranged from 14 to 20 years, younger than previously published data. 87.5% of the patients (21/24) showed significant summer exacerbation with ulcer formation. Out of 24 patients tested, 14 (58.3%) had positive antiphospholipid antibodies. Ten out of 14 patients (71.4%) were tested to be hypersensitive to multivalent insect antigens. Combinative anti-inflammatory therapy with steroids, tetracycline and Tripterygium glycosides plus antiplatelet/profibrinolytic drugs promoted quick healing of ulcer and reduce recurrence. The younger age of disease presentation and significant summer exacerbation are 2 novel clinical features observed in this study. These findings suggest that apart from procoagulation other risk factors may contribute significantly to the pathogenesis of LV. Although antiplatelet/profibrinolytic drugs are deemed as a first line therapy for LV, anti-inflammatory medications such as steroids, tetracycline and Tripterygium glycosides, from our experiences, are indispensable, especially for acute, ulcerative stage of disease.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Age Distribution
  • Animals
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents / therapeutic use
  • Antibodies, Antiphospholipid / blood
  • Asian People
  • Biopsy
  • China
  • Female
  • Fibrinolytic Agents / therapeutic use
  • Humans
  • Hypersensitivity / immunology
  • Insect Bites and Stings / immunology
  • Leg Ulcer / drug therapy*
  • Leg Ulcer / immunology
  • Leg Ulcer / pathology*
  • Livedo Reticularis / drug therapy*
  • Livedo Reticularis / immunology
  • Livedo Reticularis / pathology*
  • Male
  • Phytotherapy
  • Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / therapeutic use
  • Prednisone / therapeutic use
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Seasons
  • Sex Distribution
  • Skin / pathology
  • Tetracycline / therapeutic use
  • Tripterygium
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents
  • Antibodies, Antiphospholipid
  • Fibrinolytic Agents
  • Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors
  • Tetracycline
  • Prednisone