Macrovascular arteriovenous shunt (MAS) between ulnar artery and its venae comitantes: the cause of arterial thrombosis and insufficiency in a distally based ulnar forearm perforator (UAP) flap used for intraoral reconstruction

MeSH terms

• Aged
• Arteriovenous Malformations / complications*
• Arteriovenous Malformations / surgery
• Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / surgery
• Forearm / blood supply*
• Humans
• Perforator Flap / adverse effects*
• Perforator Flap / blood supply*
• Pharyngeal Neoplasms / surgery
• Thrombosis / etiology
• Tongue Neoplasms / surgery
• Ulnar Artery / abnormalities*
• Veins / abnormalities