Diagnostic pure-tone audiometry in schools: mobile testing without a sound-treated environment

J Am Acad Audiol. 2013 Nov-Dec;24(10):992-1000. doi: 10.3766/jaaa.24.10.10.

Abstract

Purpose: To validate diagnostic pure-tone audiometry in schools without a sound-treated environment using an audiometer that incorporates insert earphones covered by circumaural earcups and real-time environmental noise monitoring.

Research design: A within-subject repeated measures design was employed to compare air (250 to 8000 Hz) and bone (250 to 4000 Hz) conduction pure-tone thresholds measured in natural school environments with thresholds measured in a sound-treated booth.

Study sample: 149 children (54% female) with an average age of 6.9 yr (SD = 0.6; range = 5-8).

Results: Average difference between the booth and natural environment thresholds was 0.0 dB (SD = 3.6) for air conduction and 0.1 dB (SD = 3.1) for bone conduction. Average absolute difference between the booth and natural environment was 2.1 dB (SD = 2.9) for air conduction and 1.6 dB (SD = 2.7) for bone conduction. Almost all air- (96%) and bone-conduction (97%) threshold comparisons between the natural and booth test environments were within 0 to 5 dB. No statistically significant differences between thresholds recorded in the natural and booth environments for air- and bone-conduction audiometry were found (p > 0.01).

Conclusions: Diagnostic air- and bone-conduction audiometry in schools, without a sound-treated room, is possible with sufficient earphone attenuation and real-time monitoring of environmental noise. Audiological diagnosis on-site for school screening may address concerns of false-positive referrals and poor follow-up compliance and allow for direct referral to audiological and/or medical intervention.

Publication types

  • Validation Study

MeSH terms

  • Acoustic Impedance Tests
  • Audiometry, Pure-Tone / instrumentation*
  • Audiometry, Pure-Tone / methods
  • Auditory Threshold / physiology
  • Bone Conduction / physiology
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Early Diagnosis
  • Environment, Controlled*
  • Equipment Design / instrumentation
  • Female
  • Hearing Loss / epidemiology*
  • Humans
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Male
  • Mass Screening / methods*
  • Mass Screening / organization & administration
  • Neonatal Screening
  • Noise / prevention & control
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Referral and Consultation
  • Schools