Ectopic fat in youth: the contribution of hepatic and pancreatic fat to metabolic disturbances

Obesity (Silver Spring). 2014 May;22(5):1280-6. doi: 10.1002/oby.20674. Epub 2014 Jan 9.

Abstract

Objective: To study the relationships between parameters of glucose and insulin metabolism and visceral and abdominal ectopic fat in youth.

Methods: A cross sectional study of 50 children (24 females), 8-18 years old. Anthropometrics, body composition, blood-work and visceral and ectopic fat by magnetic resonance imaging were assessed. Insulin secretion, insulin sensitivity and beta cell function were calculated from an oral glucose tolerance test.

Results: BMI z-scores ranged between -1.3 and 4.5. The hepatic fat fraction (HFF) ranged between 0 and 36% and pancreatic fat fraction (PFF) between 0 and 14%. Visceral fat, HFF and PFF were associated with clinical and biochemical metabolic abnormalities, and correlated with markers of insulin sensitivity (r = -0.60, P < 0.01; r = -0.64, P < 0.01; r = -0.48, P < 0.01, respectively) insulin secretion (r = 0.55, P < 0.01; r = 0.57, P < 0.01; r = 0.41, P < 0.01, respectively), and beta cell function (r = -0.49, P < 0.01; r = -0.59, P < 0.01; r = -0.39, P < 0.01, respectively).

Conclusions: Accumulations of pancreatic and hepatic fat have complementary clinical consequences in youth. While visceral and hepatic fat demonstrated a dominant effect, even relatively small degrees of pancreatic fat deposition may contribute to metabolic alterations.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Abdominal Fat / physiopathology*
  • Adolescent
  • Blood Glucose / metabolism
  • Body Composition
  • Child
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Female
  • Glucose Tolerance Test
  • Humans
  • Insulin / metabolism
  • Insulin Resistance
  • Insulin Secretion
  • Insulin-Secreting Cells / metabolism
  • Liver / physiopathology*
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Male
  • Pancreas / physiopathology*

Substances

  • Blood Glucose
  • Insulin