A randomized comparison of drug-eluting balloon versus everolimus-eluting stent in patients with bare-metal stent-in-stent restenosis: the RIBS V Clinical Trial (Restenosis Intra-stent of Bare Metal Stents: paclitaxel-eluting balloon vs. everolimus-eluting stent)

J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014 Apr 15;63(14):1378-86. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2013.12.006. Epub 2014 Jan 8.

Abstract

Objectives: This study sought to compare the efficacy of drug-eluting balloons (DEB) with that of everolimus-eluting stents (EES) in patients with bare-metal stents (BMS) in-stent restenosis (ISR).

Background: Treatment of patients with ISR remains a challenge.

Methods: This was a prospective, multicenter, randomized trial comparing DEB with EES in patients with bare-metal stents (BMS) in-stent restenosis (ISR). The primary endpoint was the minimal lumen diameter at 9 months' follow-up.

Results: A total of 189 patients with BMS-ISR from 25 Spanish sites were included (95 were allocated to DEB and 94 to EES). Procedural success was achieved in all patients. At late angiography (median 249 days; 92% of eligible patients), patients in the EES arm had a significantly larger minimal lumen diameter (2.36 ± 0.6 mm vs. 2.01 ± 0.6 mm, p < 0.001; absolute mean difference: 0.35 mm; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.16 to 0.53) and a lower percent of diameter stenosis (13 ± 17% vs. 25 ± 20%, p < 0.001). However, late loss (0.04 ± 0.5 mm vs. 0.14 ± 0.5 mm, p = 0.14) and binary restenosis rate (4.7% vs. 9.5%, p = 0.22) were very low and similar in both groups. Clinical follow-up (median 365 days) was obtained in all (100%) patients. Occurrences of the combined clinical outcome measure (cardiac death, myocardial infarction, and target vessel revascularization; 6% vs. 8%; hazard ratio [HR]: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.26 to 2.18, p = 0.6) and the need for target vessel revascularization (2% vs. 6%; HR: 0.32: 95% CI: 0.07 to 1.59, p = 0.17) were similar in the 2 groups.

Conclusions: In patients with BMS-ISR, both DEB and EES provided excellent clinical results with a very low rate of clinical and angiographic recurrences. However, compared with DEB, EES provide superior late angiographic findings. (Restenosis Intra-stent of Bare Metal Stents: Paclitaxel-eluting Balloon vs. Everolimus-eluting Stent [RIBS V]; NCT01239953).

Keywords: device thrombosis; drug-eluting balloon; everolimus-eluting stent; in-stent restenosis.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Multicenter Study
  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary / instrumentation*
  • Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary / methods
  • Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary / mortality
  • Coronary Angiography / methods
  • Coronary Restenosis / diagnostic imaging*
  • Coronary Restenosis / mortality
  • Coronary Restenosis / therapy
  • Coronary Stenosis / diagnostic imaging
  • Coronary Stenosis / mortality
  • Coronary Stenosis / therapy*
  • Drug-Eluting Stents*
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Metals*
  • Middle Aged
  • Paclitaxel / therapeutic use
  • Prospective Studies
  • Prosthesis Design
  • Prosthesis Failure
  • Risk Assessment
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Sirolimus / therapeutic use
  • Spain
  • Survival Rate
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Metals
  • Paclitaxel
  • Sirolimus

Associated data

  • ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT01239953