Chrysin attenuates experimental autoimmune neuritis by suppressing immuno-inflammatory responses

Neuroscience. 2014 Mar 14:262:156-64. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.01.004. Epub 2014 Jan 10.

Abstract

Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an acute, post-infectious, immune-mediated, demyelinating disease of peripheral nerves and nerve roots. Experimental autoimmune neuritis (EAN) is an animal model of GBS. Chrysin, which is a naturally occurring flavonoid, exhibits various biological activities. This study was designed to investigate the anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties of preventative and therapeutic chrysin treatment in EAN rats. For preventative treatment, chrysin was administered orally from day 1 to day 16 (50mg/kg once daily) while, for therapeutic treatment, rats received chrysin from day 7 to day 16 at the same dose once daily. Control animals received the same volume of the vehicle (phosphate-buffered saline/2% dimethylsulfoxide). Regardless of the treatment regimen, chrysin attenuated the severity and duration of the clinical course of EAN and reduced inflammatory cell infiltration and demyelination of sciatic nerves. In the sciatic nerves, the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2 and nuclear factor kappa B was reduced. Furthermore, chrysin inhibited the splenic mononuclear cell secretion of interleukin-1β, interleukin-2, interleukin-6, inteleukin-12, interferon γ and tumor necrosis factor α, and elevated the level of inteleukin-4. In summary, our data demonstrate that chrysin is a potentially useful agent for the treatment of EAN with its anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects.

Keywords: chrysin; cyclooxygenase-2; experimental autoimmune neuritis; inducible nitric oxide synthase; nuclear factor kappa B.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / pharmacology*
  • Body Weight / drug effects
  • Cell Proliferation / drug effects
  • Cyclooxygenase 2 / metabolism
  • Flavonoids / pharmacology*
  • Guillain-Barre Syndrome / drug therapy*
  • Guillain-Barre Syndrome / immunology
  • Guillain-Barre Syndrome / pathology
  • Guillain-Barre Syndrome / prevention & control
  • Interferon-gamma / metabolism
  • Interleukins / metabolism
  • NF-kappa B / metabolism
  • Neuritis, Autoimmune, Experimental / drug therapy*
  • Neuritis, Autoimmune, Experimental / immunology
  • Neuritis, Autoimmune, Experimental / pathology
  • Neuritis, Autoimmune, Experimental / prevention & control
  • Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / metabolism
  • Random Allocation
  • Rats
  • Rats, Inbred Lew
  • Sciatic Nerve / drug effects
  • Sciatic Nerve / immunology
  • Sciatic Nerve / pathology
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • T-Lymphocytes / drug effects
  • T-Lymphocytes / physiology
  • Time Factors
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / metabolism

Substances

  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal
  • Flavonoids
  • Interleukins
  • NF-kappa B
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
  • chrysin
  • Interferon-gamma
  • Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II
  • Nos2 protein, rat
  • Cyclooxygenase 2
  • Ptgs2 protein, rat