Complement activation correlates with liver necrosis and fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C

Clin Immunol. 2014 Feb;150(2):149-56. doi: 10.1016/j.clim.2013.11.014. Epub 2013 Dec 5.

Abstract

Chronic hepatitis C viral infection modulates complement. The aim of this study was to determine whether complement analysis predicts liver inflammation and fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C. 50 chronic hepatitis C patients who underwent a liver biopsy were compared to 50 healthy controls and 35 patients with various liver diseases. Total plasma complement activity (CH50) in plasma was diminished in hepatitis C patients suggesting complement activation. This decrease correlated with increased necrosis (r = -0.24, p < 0.05), and patients with levels below the normal range had a higher METAVIR activity score reflecting enhanced inflammation. SC5b-9, a marker of complement activation, correlated with inflammation (r = 0.40, p < 0.05), activity (r = 0.42, p < 0.05), and fibrosis scores (r = 0.49, p < 0.05). Finally, the prevalence of C1q auto-antibodies was higher in hepatitis C patients, and their presence was associated with increased inflammation and seemed to affect fibrosis. We conclude that complement-induced liver inflammation contributes to fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C.

Keywords: Chronic hepatitis C;; Complement;; Fibronectin; Fibrosis;; Inflammation;; Stellate cell;.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Autoantibodies / immunology
  • Biomarkers / metabolism
  • Complement Activation / immunology*
  • Complement C1q / immunology
  • Complement System Proteins / immunology
  • Complement System Proteins / metabolism
  • Female
  • Fibronectins / metabolism
  • Hepatitis C, Chronic / complications
  • Hepatitis C, Chronic / diagnosis
  • Hepatitis C, Chronic / immunology*
  • Hepatitis C, Chronic / pathology*
  • Humans
  • Liver / immunology
  • Liver / metabolism
  • Liver / pathology
  • Liver Cirrhosis / complications
  • Liver Cirrhosis / diagnosis
  • Liver Cirrhosis / immunology*
  • Liver Cirrhosis / pathology*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Necrosis*
  • Prognosis

Substances

  • Autoantibodies
  • Biomarkers
  • Fibronectins
  • Complement C1q
  • Complement System Proteins